Case Studies

Selected Construction Claims and Dispute Matters

ICRS Consult supports subcontractors, contractors, employers and professional teams on UK and international construction claims and disputes.

Our experience includes payment recovery, delay, disruption, quantum, contractual defence, adjudication, arbitration and expert support.

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United Kingdom

UK Commercial and Dispute Matters

Selected UK matters involving payment recovery, delay, quantum, retained commercial support, contractual defence and construction disputes.

Payment Notices & Pay Less Notices

Matters involving payment notices, Pay Less Notices, notified sums and payment entitlement.

United Kingdom

Pay Less Notice Adjudication for a Plumbing Subcontractor

The adjudicator awarded £424,189 plus interest and costs after the Pay Less Notice was served late.

Client: Plumbing sub-subcontractor
Party representation: Referring Party
Issue: The MEP subcontractor served its Pay Less Notice one day late and sought to resist payment by relying on an earlier true-value adjudication and contractual set-off provisions.
ICRS involvement: ICRS supported the plumbing sub-subcontractor in the adjudication and examined the Pay Less Notice timing, payment position and contractual payment mechanism.
Deliverable: Adjudication support and Pay Less Notice analysis.

United Kingdom

Pay Less Notice Adjudication for a Drylining Subcontractor

The adjudication award was £176,418 plus interest after the main contractor’s notice argument failed.

Client: Drylining subcontractor
Party representation: Referring Party
Issue: The main contractor served a Payment Notice five days late and later argued that the document should instead be treated as a valid Pay Less Notice.
ICRS involvement: ICRS supported the drylining subcontractor in the adjudication and examined the payment notice position, notice timing and contractual payment mechanism.
Deliverable: Adjudication support and payment notice analysis.

United Kingdom

Payment Notice Recovery for an M&E Subcontractor

A payment notice strategy supported a £128,000 payment recovery for an M&E subcontractor.

Client: M&E subcontractor
Issue: Payment was withheld after a disputed interim application.
ICRS involvement: ICRS examined the payment application, contractual payment timetable, notice position and project records.
Deliverable: Payment notice analysis and payment recovery strategy.

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Expert Reports

Quantum, delay and disruption expert work supporting construction disputes and adjudications.

United Kingdom

Delay and Disruption Expert Report for a Joinery Subcontractor

Delay and disruption expert report supports a £195,000 adjudication recovery for a joinery subcontractor.

Client: Joinery subcontractor
Issue: The subcontractor experienced delay, disrupted access, inefficient working and productivity loss.
ICRS involvement: Reviewed the delay and disruption events, productivity effects, project records and claimed loss.
Deliverable: Delay and disruption expert report.

United Kingdom

Quantum Expert Report for an M&E Subcontractor

Quantum expert report supports a £305,000 adjudication recovery for an M&E subcontractor.

Client: M&E subcontractor
Issue: The dispute concerned valuation, variations, deductions and payment entitlement.
ICRS involvement: Reviewed the valuation position, variation account, contra charges and supporting records.
Deliverable: Quantum expert report.

United Kingdom

Quantum Expert Report for a Civil Engineering Subcontractor

Quantum expert report supports a £416,000 adjudication recovery for a civil engineering subcontractor.

Client: Civil engineering subcontractor
Issue: The payment dispute concerned delay-related costs and disruption-related losses.
ICRS involvement: Reviewed payment items, deductions, cost records, overrun costs and disruption-related losses.
Deliverable: Quantum expert report.

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Valuation, Final Account & Delay Adjudications

Adjudication matters involving valuation, final accounts, variations, delay and disruption.

United Kingdom

Final Account Adjudication for a Painting Subcontractor

The adjudicator awarded £184,000 and interest in the final account adjudication.

Client: Specialist painting and surface preparation subcontractor
Party representation: Referring Party
Issue: The final account dispute concerned original works, variations and other works.
ICRS involvement: ICRS examined the account, separated original scope from variations and represented the subcontractor through adjudication.
Deliverable: Referring Party representation, Notice of Adjudication, Referral, valuation analysis and evidence.

United Kingdom

Interim Valuation Adjudication for a Groundworks Subcontractor

Approximately £188,000 awarded in interim valuation adjudication.

Client: Specialist groundworks and civil engineering subcontractor
Party representation: Referring Party
Issue: The parties’ interim valuation positions differed by approximately £215,000, including disputed variations and additional works.
ICRS involvement: Strengthened the account’s substantiation and represented the subcontractor through Notice, Referral, Response analysis and Reply.
Deliverable: Referring Party representation, Notice of Adjudication, Referral, Reply and supporting adjudication bundle.

United Kingdom

Delay and Disruption Adjudication for a Cladding Subcontractor

Approximately 65% of the £2 million delay and disruption claim was dismissed.

Client: Major specialist cladding and curtain walling subcontractor
Party representation: Responding Party
Issue: The main contractor advanced a claim of approximately £2 million for alleged delay and disruption on a commercial office development.
ICRS involvement: Led the Responding Party defence, tested the retrospective delay analysis and coordinated the factual, programme, quantum and witness evidence.
Deliverable: Responding Party representation, Response, further submissions, witness evidence, expert coordination and adjudication meeting representation.

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Commercial Retainers

Retained commercial support involving final accounts, variations and change, prolongation, liquidated damages, adjudication readiness and commercial settlement.

United Kingdom

Commercial Closeout Support for an MEP Subcontractor

£165,000 of liquidated damages exposure was avoided, £86,000 of prolongation costs was recovered, and disputed variations and the final account were settled commercially.

Client: MEP subcontractor
Issue: Commercial closeout involved disputed variations, unresolved prolongation recovery and potential exposure to liquidated damages.
ICRS involvement: ICRS provided seven months of retained advice on variation recovery, prolongation costs and the subcontractor's commercial position on liquidated damages.
Deliverable: Retained commercial advice on final account, variations, prolongation and liquidated damages exposure.

United Kingdom

Commercial Settlement of a £2.65 Million Change Dispute

The £2.65 million dispute was commercially settled at £2.15 million without proceeding to adjudication.

Client: Civil engineering subcontractor
Issue: A £2.65 million change remained disputed on a road infrastructure project and was at risk of proceeding to adjudication.
ICRS involvement: ICRS provided five months of retained advice on valuation methodology, alignment with subcontract requirements, adjudication readiness and settlement strategy.
Deliverable: Valuation strategy, adjudication readiness advice, contractual correspondence and settlement support.

United Kingdom

Final Account Settlement Under a Letter of Intent

The final account was agreed at £384,000 following an amicable settlement; the Letter of Intent had stated an £85,000 cap.

Client: Fit-out subcontractor
Issue: A final account dispute arose after the subcontractor substantially completed works under an £85,000 Letter of Intent, without an executed subcontract.
ICRS involvement: ICRS provided approximately six months of retained advice on the Letter of Intent, final account strategy, variation valuation and settlement.
Deliverable: Letter of Intent review, final account strategy, variation valuation advice, contractual correspondence and settlement agreement.

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Commercial Recovery & Contractual Defence

Commercial matters involving retention recovery, contractual entitlement and defence of substantial claims.

United Kingdom

Retention Recovery for a Brickwork Subcontractor

The subcontractor secured a £82,500 retention recovery.

Client: Specialist brickwork subcontractor
Issue: Retention remained withheld after completion of the subcontract works.
ICRS involvement: ICRS examined the contractual arrangement, payment history, retention position and project records.
Deliverable: Retention recovery strategy and contractual correspondence.

United Kingdom

Contractual Defence to a Substantial Damage Claim

Contractual defence limited a £279,000 damages claim to a minimal commercial settlement.

Client: HVAC subcontractor
Issue: A substantial damages claim arose following an incident during the construction period.
ICRS involvement: Reviewed the subcontract, completion position, notice history and insurance provisions.
Deliverable: Contractual defence analysis and position paper.

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AI Automation

AI automation matters involving tender pricing, contract issue review and factual chronology preparation for construction businesses.

United Kingdom

AI Tender Pricing Automation for an M&E Subcontractor

The workflow reduced manual first pass pricing and applied historic tender and cost data consistently across new BOQs.

Client: M&E subcontractor
Issue: Estimators manually applied historic cost and tender data when pricing new BOQs.
ICRS involvement: ICRS structured the client’s historic pricing and cost data and designed, tested and implemented the tender pricing workflow.
Deliverable: AI assisted BOQ pricing workflow with rate matching, pricing explanations, confidence controls and estimator review.

United Kingdom

AI Contract and Project Issue Review for a Façade Subcontractor

The workflow reduced manual record and contract review and provided the commercial team with traceable analysis to support subcontract administration and decisions.

Client: Façade subcontractor
Issue: Project issues required manual review of project records and amended subcontract terms to identify the supporting facts and governing subcontract provisions.
ICRS involvement: ICRS designed and implemented the complete review workflow, including record analysis, contract analysis, report structure, source referencing and recommendations.
Deliverable: AI assisted IRAC review workflow producing Issue, Rule, Analysis, Conclusion and Recommendations reports with source references.

United Kingdom

AI Factual Chronology Automation for a Civil Engineering Subcontractor

The workflow reduced the manual work required to prepare factual chronologies for claims, adjudications and contractual correspondence.

Client: Civil engineering subcontractor
Issue: Preparing factual chronologies for delay and disruption events required extensive manual review, referencing and collation of project records.
ICRS involvement: ICRS designed and implemented the complete workflow for event identification, record analysis, chronology preparation, source referencing and supporting document collation.
Deliverable: AI assisted factual chronology workflow producing formatted chronology reports with footnotes, document references, numbering and organised supporting records.

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International

International Claims and Dispute Matters

Selected international matters involving arbitration, dispute boards, quantum, prolongation, acceleration, disruption and time and cost claims.

InternationalDubai, UAE

Quantum Expert, MEP Subcontract Arbitration, Healthcare Facility, Dubai

Appointment: Appointed as independent quantum expert in arbitration proceedings.
Issue: Disputed MEP quantum claims on a major healthcare and research facility in Dubai.
Deliverable: Independent quantum expert report addressing the valuation of the disputed MEP claims.

InternationalDubai, UAE

Dispute Adjudication Board Support, Metro Infrastructure Project, Dubai

Appointment: Engaged by a specialist MEP subcontractor to support a FIDIC DAB referral.
Issue: Prolongation and acceleration claims on a major Dubai metro infrastructure project.
Deliverable: Quantum reports for prolongation and acceleration claims submitted to the DAB.

InternationalDubai, UAE

Arbitration Claim Preparation, Major Hotel Development, Dubai

Appointment: Engaged by a joint venture to prepare and strengthen quantum claims for arbitration.
Issue: Substantial unresolved quantum on a major Dubai hotel development requiring properly prepared claims for arbitration.
Deliverable: Quantum claim submissions for arbitration, including valuation schedules, cost substantiation and supporting records analysis.

InternationalDubai, UAE

Subcontractor Disruption Claim, Major Hotel Project, Dubai

Appointment: Assisted the quantum expert as part of an expert team in arbitration proceedings.
Issue: Disputed disruption claim requiring an evidenced assessment of claimed lost labour hours.
Deliverable: Expert assessment of claimed lost labour hours in relation to a subcontractor disruption claim.

InternationalCanada

Additional Time and Cost Claim, Electrification Infrastructure Works, Canada

Appointment: Engaged by a contractor to prepare a claim for additional time and associated costs.
Issue: Time and cost impacts on a Canadian electrification infrastructure project requiring a properly substantiated claim submission.
Deliverable: Claim submission for additional time and associated costs, including contractual basis, time impact analysis and cost substantiation.

Discuss a construction claim or dispute

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